Win Expectancy, Run Expectancy, and Leverage Index calculations provided by Tom Tango of, and co-author of The Book: Playing the Percentages in Baseball. Much of the play-by-play, game results, and transaction information both shown and used to create certain data sets was obtained free of charge from and is copyrighted by RetroSheet. Logos were compiled by the amazing .Ĭopyright © 2000-2022 Sports Reference LLC. Our reasoning for presenting offensive logos. We present them here for purely educational purposes. The full citation for the source would then be given in a footnote at the bottom of the page.All logos are the trademark & property of their owners and not Sports Reference LLC. This suggests the relationship between genetics and behavior in animals is… If phenotypic variation is the direct object of natural selection, one must understand the underlying relationship between the phenotypic expression and genetic replicators to argue that any such phenotypic trait is, or can be, an adaptation. In order to evaluate the legitimacy of such explanations it is, thus, necessary to explicate the variety of possible causal pathways connecting genetic replicators and social behaviors. As such, a Chicago-style block quote using footnote citations would look something like this:ĭiscussing genetics and behavior, Mitchell writes that: The rules for citing a block quote are the same as when quoting a source elsewhere in your text. Longer quotations are formatted differently in Chicago referencing. You then give full bibliographic information for all cited sources in the reference list. Mitchell (1996, 132) investigates “possible causal pathways connecting genetic replicators and social behaviors.” Thank you for subscribing to our newsletter! If you name the author in the text, however, you should give the citation immediately afterwards: It is important to investigate “possible causal pathways connecting genetic replicators and social behaviors” (Mitchell 1996, 132). When quoting, this means giving the author’s surname, year of publication, and relevant page numbers in brackets: With the author-date version of Chicago referencing, you cite sources in the main text of your paper. The first time you cite a source, you need to give full source information in the footnote (including page numbers for the section quoted). Mitchell investigates “possible causal pathways connecting genetic replicators and social behaviors.” 1 With the footnote and bibliography system, you indicate citations using superscript numbers after the quoted text: Footnotes or In-Text Citations?Ĭhicago referencing offers two ways of citing sources, so the rules depend on the version you use. However, you still need to cite a source when paraphrasing, and you should be careful not to accidentally copy the original author’s wording. This means explaining what you’ve read in your own words. If you don’t want to quote a source directly, you can paraphrase it instead. It’s a good idea to quote a source directly if your argument depends on the exact wording of what you’re quoting. To do this, you should place the quoted text inside double quotation marks (i.e., “ ”). Paraphrasingĭirect quotation involves using the exact words written in the source you’re citing. In this blogpost, we’re looking at how quotations work in Chicago referencing. But how to do this depends on the referencing system being used, so it pays to do some research. When writing an academic paper, you may need to quote something you’ve read somewhere. Quotations and Block Quotes in Chicago Referencing
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